Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are widely used and generally safe, but are often prescribed for longer periods and at higher doses than recommended. Evidence suggests that 30-40% of PPI prescriptions lack an ongoing indication. Efforts should be made to reduce the dose and duration of treatment, as well as to deprescribe PPIs when the initial indication for use has been resolved, was uncertain, or was based on empirical treatment for symptoms later attributed to another cause.

Optimizing PPI use, by prescribing them only when indicated, using the recommended dose and duration, and deprescribing when unnecessary can lead to cost savings for patients and the healthcare system, reduce environmental impact, and lower the potential risks associated with adverse effects and polypharmacy.

Purpose 

Originally developed in 2017 and updated in 2025, this toolkit is designed to support prescribers and pharmacists in implementing effective interventions by:

• Prescribing PPIs only for appropriate indications, durations and doses 
• Deprescribing PPIs when there is no indication for long-term use
• Engaging patients in reducing unnecessary continuous PPI use when there is no ongoing indication, the dose can be lowered, or no clear benefit is evident 

Target Audience 

This toolkit is intended for clinicians and allied health professionals working in primary care, hospital care, pharmacy, community care and long-term care settings. It provides guidance on optimizing PPI prescribing practices, reducing polypharmacy, and minimizing unnecessary health-care costs associated with overprescribing for adults and adolescents.